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Planetary and Moon Missions (1957-now)

NameLaunch DateMissionSuccess/Failure (when cause available, given in brackets)Country
 
1957
Sputnik4 October 1957Earth (orbiter)successUSSR
Sputnik 23 November 1957Earth (orbiter)successUSSR
Vanguard TV36 December 1957Earth (orbiter)failure (launch)USA
 
1958
Explorer 11 February 1958Earth (orbiter)successUSA
Explorer 25 March 1958Earth (orbiter)failureUSA
Vanguard 117 March 1958Earth (orbiter)successUSA
Explorer 326 March 1958Earth (orbiter)successUSA
Explorer 426 July 1958Earth (orbiter)successUSA
Pioneer 017 August 1958Moon (orbit)failure (launch)USA
Explorer 524 August 1958Earth (orbiter)failureUSA
Luna 1958A23 September 1958Moon (impact)? failure (launch)USSR
Pioneer 111 October 1958Moon (orbit)failure (launch)USA
Luna 1958B12 October 1958Moon (impact)? failure (launch)USSR
Pioneer 28 November 1958Moon (orbit)failure (launch)USA
Luna 1958C4 December 1958Moon (impact)?failure (launch) USSR
Pioneer 36 December 1958Moon (flyby)failure (launch)USA
 
1959
Luna 12 January 1959Moon (flyby or attempted Moon impact)?successUSSR
Pioneer 43 March 1959Moon (flyby)successUSA
Luna 1959A16 June 1959Moon (impact)?failure (launch) USSR
Luna 212 September 1959Moon (impact)successUSSR
Luna 34 October 1959Moon (flyby)successUSSR
Pioneer P-326 November 1959Moon (orbiter)failure (launch)USA
 
1960
Luna 1960A15 April 1960Moon (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1960B18 April 1960Moon (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Pioneer P-3025 Sept 1960Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USA
Marsnik 1 (Mars 1960A)10 October 1960Mars (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Marsnik 2 (Mars 1960B)14 October 1960Mars (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Pioneer P-3115 December 1960Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USA
 
1961
Sputnik 74 February 1961Venus (impact)failureUSSR
Venera 112 February 1961Venus (flyby)failure (contact lost) USSR
Ranger 123 August 1961Moon (test flight)failureUSA
Ranger 218 November 1961Moon (test flight)failureUSA
 
1962
Ranger 326 January 1962Moon (impact)failureUSA
Ranger 423 April 1962Moon (impact)successUSA
Mariner 122 July 1962Venus (flyby)failure (launch) USA
Sputnik 1925 August 1962Venus (flyby)failureUSSR
Mariner 227 August 1962Venus (flyby)successUSA
Sputnik 201 September 1962Venus (flyby)failureUSSR
Sputnik 2112 September 1962Venus (flyby)failureUSSR
Ranger 518 October 1962Moon (impact)failureUSA
Sputnik 2224 October 1962Mars (flyby)failureUSSR
Mars 11 November 1962Mars (flyby) failure (contact lost) USSR
Sputnik 244 November 1962Mars (lander)failureUSSR
 
1963
Sputnik 254 January 1963Moon (lander)failureUSSR
Luna 1963B2 February 1963Moon (lander)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 42 April 1963Moon (lander)failureUSSR
Cosmos 2111 November 1963Planetary probe test flight?failureUSSR
 
1964
Ranger 630 January 1964Moon (impact)failure (cameras failed) USA
Venera 1964A19 February 1964Venus (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Venera 1964B1 March 1964Venus (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1964A21 March 1964Moon (lander)failure (launch) USSR
Cosmos 2727 March 1964Venus (flyby)failureUSSR
Zond 12 April 1964Venus (flyby)failure (contact lost) USSR
Luna 1964B20 April 1964Moon (lander)failure (launch) USSR
Zond 1964A4 June 1964Moon (lander)failure (launch) USSR
Ranger 728 July 1964Moon (impact)successUSA
Mariner 35 November 1964Mars (flyby)failureUSA
Mariner 428 November 1964Mars (flyby)failureUSA
Zond 230 November 1964Mars (flyby)failure (contact lost) USSR
 
1965
Ranger 817 February 1965Moon (impact)successUSA
Cosmos 6012 March 1965Moon (lander)failureUSSR
Ranger 921 March 1965Moon (impact)successUSA
Luna 1965A10 April 1965Moon (attempted Moon lander?)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 59 May 1965Moon (impact and attempted soft landing)failureUSSR
Luna 68 June 1965Moon (lander)failureUSSR
Zond 318 July 1965Moon (flyby)successUSSR
Luna 74 October 1965Moon (impact and attempted soft landing) failureUSSR
Venera 212 November 1965Venus (flyby)failure (contact lost) USSR
Venera 316 November 1965Venus (lander)failure (contact lost) USSR
Cosmos 9623 November 1965Venus (attempted Venus lander?)failureUSSR
Venera 1965A23 November 1965Venus (flyby)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 83 December 1965Moon (impact; attempted soft landing?)failureUSSR
 
1966
Luna 931 January 1966Moon (lander)successUSSR
Cosmos 1111 March 1966Moon (attempted Moon orbiter?)failureUSSR
Luna 1031 March 1966Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
Luna 1966A30 April 1966Moon (attempted Moon orbiter?)failure (launch) USSR
Surveyor 130 May 1966Moon (lander)successUSA
Explorer 331 July 1966Moon (orbiter)failureUSA
Lunar Orbiter 110 August 1966Moon (orbiter)successUSA
Luna 1124 August 1966Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
Surveyor 220 September 1966Moon (lander)failureUSA
Luna 1222 October 1966Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
Lunar Orbiter 26 November 1966Moon (orbiter)successUSA
Luna 1321 December 1966Moon (lander)successUSSR
 
1967
Lunar Orbiter 34 February 1967Moon (orbiter)successUSA
Surveyor 317 April 1967Moon (lander)successUSA
Lunar Orbiter 48 May 1967Moon (orbiter)successUSA
Venera 412 June 1967Venus (probe)successUSSR
Mariner 514 June 1967Venus (flyby)successUSA
Cosmos 16717 June 1967Venus (probe)failureUSSR
Surveyor 414 July 1967Moon (lander)failureUSA
Explorer 35 (IMP-E)19 July 1967Moon (orbiter) successUSA
Lunar Orbiter 51 August 1967Moon (orbiter)successUSA
Surveyor 58 September 1967Moon (lander)successUSA
Zond 1967A28 September 1967Moon (test flight)failure (launch) USSR
Surveyor 67 November 1967Moon (lander)successUSA
Zond 1967B22 November 1967Moon (test flight)failure (launch) USSR
 
1968
Surveyor 77 January 1968Moon (lander)successUSA
Luna 1968A7 February 1968Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Zond 42 March 1968Test flight (no precision)successUSSR
Luna 147 April 1968Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
Zond 1968A23 April 1968Moon (attempted Moon test flight?)failure (launch) USSR
Zond 515 September 1968Moon (flyby and return to Earth)successUSSR
Zond 610 November 1968Moon (flyby and return to Earth)successUSSR
Apollo 821 December 1968Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
 
1969
Venera 55 January 1969Venus (probe)successUSSR
Venera 610 January 1969Venus (probe)successUSSR
Zond 1969A20 January 1969Moon (flyby and return)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1969A19 February 1969Moon (attempted lunar rover?)failure (launch) USSR
Zond L1S-121 February 1969Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Mariner 625 February 1969Mars (flyby)successUSA
Mariner 727 March 1969Mars (flyby)success USA
Mars 1969A27 March 1969Mars (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Mars 1969B2 April 1969Mars (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1969B15 April 1969Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failure (launch) USSR
Apollo 1018 May 1969Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
Luna 1969C14 June 1969Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failure (launch) USSR
Zond L1S-23 July 1969Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1513 July 1969Moon (orbiter; attempted Moon lander)?failureUSSR
Apollo 1116 July 1969Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
Zond 77 August 1969Moon (flyby and return to Earth)successUSSR
Cosmos 30023 September 1969Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failureUSSR
Cosmos 30522 October 1969Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failureUSSR
Apollo 1214 November 1969Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
 
1970
Luna 1970A6 February 1970Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failure (launch) USSR
Luna 1970B19 February 1970Moon (orbiter?)failure (launch) USSR
Apollo 1311 April 1970Moon (Apollo program)failure (technical defect) USA
Venera 717 August 1970Venus (lander)successUSSR
Cosmos 35922 August 1970Venus (probe)failureUSSR
Luna 1612 September 1970Moon (sample return)successUSSR
Zond 820 October 1970Moon (flyby and return to Earth)successUSSR
Luna 17/Lunokhod 110 November 1970Moon (rover)successUSSR
 
1971
Apollo 1431 January 1971Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
Mariner 88 May 1971Mars (flyby)failure (launch) USA
Cosmos 41910 May 1971Mars (orbiter and lander)failureUSSR
Mars 219 May 1971Mars (orbiter and lander)failureUSSR
Mars 328 May 1971Mars (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
Mariner 930 May 1971Mars (orbiter)successUSA
Apollo 1526 July 1971Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
Luna 182 September 1971Moon (sample return)failureUSSR
Luna 1928 September 1971Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
 
1972
Luna 2014 February 1972Moon (sample return)successUSSR
Pioneer 103 March 1972Jupiter (flyby)successUSA
Venera 827 March 1972Venus (probe)successUSSR
Cosmos 48231 March 1972Venus (probe)failureUSSR
Apollo 1616 April 1972Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
Soyuz L323 November 1972Moon (orbiter)failure (launch) USSR
Apollo 177 December 1972Moon (Apollo program)successUSA
 
1973
Luna 21/Lunokhod 28 January 1973Moon (rover)successUSSR
Pioneer 115 April 1973Jupiter/Saturn (flyby)successUSA
Skylab14 May 1973Earth (crewed space laboratory)successUSA
Explorer 49 (RAE-B)10 June 1973Moon (orbiter), radio astronomysuccessUSA
Mars 421 July 1973Mars (flyby and orbiter)failureUSSR
Mars 525 July 1973Mars (orbiter)successUSSR
Mars 65 August 1973Mars (lander)failure (contact lost) USSR
Mars 79 August 1973Mars (flyby and lander)failureUSSR
Mariner 104 November 1973Venus/Mercury (flybys)successUSA
 
1974
Luna 222 June 1974Moon (orbiter)successUSSR
Luna 2328 October 1974Moon (sample return)failureUSSR
 
1975
Venera 98 June 1975Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
Venera 1014 June 1975Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
Viking 120 August 1975Mars (orbiter and lander)successUSA
Viking 29 September 1975Mars (orbiter and lander)successUSA
Luna 1975A16 October 1975Moon (attempted lunar sample return?)failureUSSR
 
1976
Luna 249 August 1976Moon (sample return)successUSSR
 
1977
Voyager 220 August 1977Jupiter/Saturn/Uranus/Neptune (flyby)successUSA
Voyager 15 September 1977Jupiter/Saturn (flyby)successUSA
 
1978
Pioneer Venus 120 May 1978Venus (orbiter)successUSA
Pioneer Venus 28 August 1978Venus (probes)successUSA
ISEE-3/ICE12 August 1978comet (flyby) 2 comets: Giacobini-Zinner and Halleysuccess. At the closest of the craft to Earth in more than 30 years, NASA, in 2014, allowed a group of citizen scientists to contact, and possibly command and control it, putting it into a orbit at Lagrangian 1 (L1)USA
Venera 119 September 1978Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
Venera 1214 September 1978Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
 
1981
Venera 1330 October 1981Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
Venera 144 November 1981Venus (orbiter and lander)successUSSR
 
1983
Venera 152 June 1983Venus (orbiter)successUSSR
Venera 167 June 1983Venus (orbiter)successUSSR
 
1984
Vega 115 December 1984Venus (lander) and comet (balloon, flyby -at Halley)successUSSR
Vega 221 December 1984Venus (lander) and comet (balloon, flyby -at Halley)successUSSR
 
1985
Sakigake7 January 1985comet (flyby -at Halley)successJapan
Giotto2 July 1985comet (flyby -at Halley)successESA (Europe)
Suisei (Planet-A)18 August 1985comet (flyby -at Halley)successJapan
 
1988
Phobos 17 July 1988Mars (orbiter and Phobos landers)failureUSSR
Phobos 212 July 1988Mars (orbiter and Phobos landers)failure (only the orbiter succeeded)USSR
 
1989
Magellan4 May 1989Venus (orbiter)successUSA
Galileo18 October 1989Jupiter (orbiter and probe)successUSA
 
1990
Hiten24 January 1990Moon (flyby and orbiter)successJapan
Ulysses06 October 1990Jupiter (flyby) and Sun (polar orbiter)successESA (Europe)
 
1992
Mars Observer25 September 1992Mars (orbiter)failure (contact lost) USA
 
1994
Clementine25 January 1994Moon (orbiter) and asteroid (flyby)successUSA
 
1996
NEAR17 February 1996asteroid Eros (orbiter)successUSA
Mars Global Surveyor07 November 1996Mars (orbiter)successUSA
Mars 9616 November 1996Mars (orbiter and landers)failureRussia
Mars Pathfinder04 December 1996Mars (lander and rover)successUSA
 
1997
ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer)25 August 1997study of energetic particles from the solar wind, the interplanerary medium and other sources from Lagrangian L1successUSA
Cassini-Huygens15 October 1997Saturn (orbiter and probe)successUSA (probe ESA (Europe))
AsiaSat 3/HGS-124 December 1997Moon (flyby)?USA
 
1998
Lunar Prospector7 January 1998Moon (orbiter)?USA
Nozomi (Planet-B)3 July 1998Mars (orbiter)failureJapan
Deep Space 1 (DS1)24 October 1998asteroid (flyby) and comet (flyby)?USA
Mars Climate Orbiter11 December 1998Mars (orbiter)MarsfailureUSA
 
1999
Mars Polar Lander3 January 1999Mars (lander)failureUSA
Deep Space 2 (DS2)3 January 1999Mars (penetrators)failureUSA
Stardust7 February 1999comet (coma sample return)successUSA
 
2001
2001 Mars Odyssey7 April 2001Mars (orbiter)successUSA
TIMED (Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics)7 December 2001Observation of the dynamics of the upper regions of Earth’s atmosphere from 40 to 110 miles of altitudesuccessUSA
 
2002
CONTOUR3 July 2002comet (flyby -flybys at 3 comets nuclei)failure (craft lost during trajectory injection engine burn)USA
 
2003
Hayabusa (Muses-C)9 May 2003asteroid Itokawa (orbiter and sample return)successJapan
Mars Express2 June 2003Mars (orbiter and lander)failure (only the orbiter succeeded)ESA (Europe)
Twin Rovers (Spirit (MER-A) and Opportunity (MER-B)10 June and 6 July 2003Mars (two rovers)successUSA
MESSENGER (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging)3 August 2003Mercury (orbiter)successUSA
SMART 1September 2003Moon (orbiter)successESA (Europe)
 
2004
Rosetta2 March 2004comet (orbiter and lander)en routeESA (Europe)
 
2005
Deep Impact12 January 2005comet (rendezvous and impactor)successUSA
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)12 August 2005Mars (orbiter)successUSA
EPOXIAugust 2005comet Hartley 2 and exoplanets (transformed former Deep Impact mission)successUSA
Venus Express9 November 2005Venus (orbiter)successESA (Europe)
 
2006
New Horizons19 January 2006Pluto (flyby) and Kuiper Belt objects (flyby)en routeUSA
 
2007
Stardust-NExTsummer 2007comet (comet Tempel 1, which had been the object of the Deep Impact mission)successUSA
Phoenix4 August 2007Mars (lander)failure (partial)USA
DAWN27 September 2007two minor planets Vesta and Ceres (orbiter)successUSA
 
2009
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)18 June 2009Moon (orbiter; mapping and science)successUSA
Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite' (LCROSS)October 2009Moon (impactor, a subset of the LRO mission)successUSA
 
2010
ARTEMIS (Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun)mid-2010Moon (interaction Sun-Moon; a reassignment of two THEMIS mission craft)successUSA
 
2011
Juno5 August 2011Jupiter (orbiter on a polar orbit)en routeUSA
GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory)9 October 2011Moon (twin orbiter)successUSA
Curiosity26 November 2011Mars (rover)successUSA
 
2012
Van Allen Probes30 August 2012two probes studying the Van Allen Radiation BeltssuccessUSA
 
2013
Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE)6 September 2013Moon (secondary payload to the GRAIL mission)successUSA
MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution)18 November 2013Mars (orbiter; study of the atmosphere)successUSA
 
Missions to Come (by order of scheduled launch)
InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport)to launch by 2016Mars (lander with a drill) USA
LaRa (Lander Radio-Science on ExoMars)to launch by 2016Mars (fixed lander and rover) USA, ESA (Europe)
Origins-Spectral Interpretation-Resource Identification-Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx)to launch by 2016NEO asteroid 1999 RQ36 (orbiter and sample return) USA
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