Of note that that table does not include concerned ESA missions. Those are to be found at ESA Missions List (1968-Now)
| Name | Launch Date | Mission | Success/Failure (when cause available, given in brackets) | Country | |
| 1977 | |||||
| High Energy Astronomy Observatory (HEAO-1) | 12 August 1977 | first of three spacecraft to survey the sky for additional X-ray and gamma-ray sources | success | USA | |
| 1990 | |||||
| Hubble Space Telescope | 25 April 1990 | space telescope | success | USA | |
| Ulysses | 6 Octobre 1990 | Sun (solar wind, magnetic field) | success | USA/Europe (ESA) | |
| 1991 | |||||
| Compton Gamma Ray Observatory | April 1991 | space telescope (study of gamma ray source) | success | USA | |
| 1998 | |||||
| Transition Region And Coronal Explorer (TRACE) | 1 April 1998 | Sun (solar corona) | success | USA | |
| 1999 | |||||
| Chandra X-Ray Observatory | July 1999 | space telescope (study of the sky in the X-rays); the telescope was lofted into low-Earth orbit from the Space Shuttle Columbia | success | USA | |
| XMM-Newton | 10 December 1999 | space telescope (a X-ray observatory designed to investigate some of the most violent phenomena in the Universe likz remnants of supernova explosions and the surroundings of black holes) | success | USA | |
| 2001 | |||||
| Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) | June 2001 | astronomy (cosmic microwave background radiation) | success | USA | |
| Genesis | 8 August 2001 | solar wind (sample return) | failure (sample return capsule crashed; most samples could be recovered) | USA | |
| 2003 | |||||
| GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) | 28 April 2003 | space telescope (ultraviolet; galaxies) | success | USA | |
| Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), Spitzer Space Telescope | 25 August 2003 | space telescope (infrared) | success | USA | |
| 2004 | |||||
| Gravity Probe B (GP-B) | 19 April 2004 | astronomy (test to Einstein's theory about distortion of space and time by massive objects) | success | USA | |
| Swift | 20 November 2004 | astronomy (gamma-ray bursts); renamed Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory by early 2018 for the principal investigator who died by Feb. 2017 | success | USA | |
| 2005 | |||||
| DART (Demonstration for Autonomous Rendezvous Technology) | April 2005 | astronautics (test of rendez-vous capabilities) | success | USA | |
| Suzaku | July 2005 | Japanese X-ray observatory | success; terminated August 2015 | Japan/USA | |
| 2006 | |||||
| Space Technology 5 (ST5) Project | 22 March 2006 | astronautics (test of launchers, launches, nextgen constellations of micro-satellites) | success | USA | |
| Hinode | 22 September 2006 | non stop observation of the Sun and other stars | success | joint Japan-USA | |
| Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) | 26 October 2006 | Sun (stereo flow from Sun to Earth) | success | USA | |
| 2007 | |||||
| THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms) | 17 February 2007 | astronomy (five satellites; northern lights) | success | USA | |
| AIM (Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere) | 25 April 2007 | science (noctilucent clouds) | success | USA | |
| 2008 | |||||
| Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope | 11 June 2008 | astronomy (observations of high-energy gamma rays) | success | USA | |
| Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) | 19 October 2008 | astronomy (mapping the solar system's boundary) | success | USA | |
| 2009 | |||||
| Kepler | 6 March 2009 | astronomy (exoplanets) | success | USA | |
| Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) | 14 December 2009 | space telescope (mid-infrared) | success | USA | |
| 2010 | |||||
| Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) | 12 February 2010 | Sun (3D interaction Sun-Earth) | success | USA | |
| NEOWISE Post-Cryogenic Mission | July 2010 | astronomy (solar system's objects in the mid-infrared) | success | USA | |
| 2012 | |||||
| GLAST (Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope), or FERMI | 11 June 2012 | space telescope (gamma-rays; black holes) | success | USA | |
| NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) | 13 June 2012 | space telescope (x-rays) | success | USA | |
| Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) | 30 August 2012 | Sun (Sun's influence on Earth and near-Earth) | success | USA | |
| 2013 | |||||
| Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) | 27 June 2013 | Sun (solar chromosphere) | success | USA | |
| 2015 | |||||
| Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) | 11 February 2015 | Sun (solar wind monitoring) | success | USA | |
| Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS) | 12 March 2015 | Sun (Earth's magnetosphere) | success | USA | |
| 2016 | |||||
| ASTRO-H (or Hitomi) | 12 February 2016 | space telescope (X-ray astronomy for the high-energy Universe) | failure (commanded a thruster jet to fire in the wrong direction) | Japan | |
